Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever
Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever orthonairovirus (CCHFV)
Infection route
Transmission to humans occurs through tick bites or through direct contact with blood or meat from infected animals and after contact with blood or tissue from infected patients. Nosocomial infections (infections in hospitals or care facilities) can also lead to outbreaks if hygiene is poor.
Prevention
A vaccine is currently not available. In affected areas, animal contact should be avoided and tick bites should be prevented as best as possible.
Specialized information
Over 30 Hyalomma species have been identified as vectors. Hyalomma ticks are originally native to warmer regions of southeastern Europe and Asia and are mostly unable to finish developing in colder climates. However, adult specimens have also been found in Austria for several years.
Ticks change hosts twice in their lifetime. As larvae and nymphs they feed on one host, as adults on another. As the climate warms, it becomes more likely that nymphs introduced via migratory birds will develop into adults. This also increases the risk of spreading new diseases, such as Crimean-Congo fever.
Ministry of Health: Information for healthcare professionals
Diagnostic
The virus is detected by PCR.
Ministry of Health: List of national reference centers/laboratories
Last updated: 03.04.2023
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